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County Court Judgments (CCJs) — What to Do When You're Taken to Court

A County Court Judgment (CCJ) is a court order issued against you in England and Wales when a creditor claims you owe money and you don't respond or pay. CCJs can seriously affect your credit rating and can be enforced in several ways. But you have rights throughout the process — and if you act quickly enough, a CCJ can be prevented or removed. This guide explains what to do at each stage.

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Scotland and Northern Ireland — different systems

Scotland: Scotland has a different court system. Creditors use the Sheriff Court to raise small claims (under £5,000) or summary cause actions. Contact Advice Direct Scotland (0808 800 9060) for Scotland-specific guidance.
Northern Ireland: Northern Ireland has its own county court system. Contact Advice NI (adviceni.net) for guidance on court proceedings in Northern Ireland.

Step 1 — You receive a County Court Claim Form

Before a CCJ is issued, the creditor must first send you a County Court Claim Form (N1). This is not yet a judgment — it's a claim you can respond to. You have 14 days to respond.

Act immediately. If you ignore the claim form or miss the 14-day deadline, the court will usually enter a judgment by default (a default CCJ). This is harder and more expensive to remove.
  • Admit the full amount and request time to pay — the court will usually agree to affordable instalments
  • Admit part of the amount if you dispute the rest — and explain your position
  • Defend the claim if you dispute the whole debt
  • Acknowledge service (N9 form) to buy more time to file a defence

If you receive a CCJ

If a CCJ has already been issued against you, your options depend on timing:

Pay within 30 days

If you pay the full amount within 30 days of the judgment, the CCJ is removed from the Register of Judgments and your credit file. Get a certificate of satisfaction from the court.

Pay after 30 days

The CCJ stays on your credit file for 6 years, but it's marked as 'satisfied'. Get a certificate of satisfaction — this helps when applying for credit or housing.

Setting aside a CCJ

You can apply to the court to set aside (remove) a CCJ if:

  • You have a genuine defence to the claim that you didn't put forward (e.g. you didn't receive the claim form)
  • The claim form was sent to the wrong address
  • The debt is statute-barred (more than 6 years old with no payments or acknowledgements)
  • There were procedural errors in the claim
  • You have new evidence that changes the picture
1
Apply using form N244
Download N244 from gov.uk. Explain why the CCJ should be set aside and include a draft defence. There is a £275 fee, though you may be exempt if you're on a low income.
2
Attend the set-aside hearing
A judge will consider your application. If they agree to set aside the CCJ, the case starts again from the claim form stage — giving you the chance to defend it properly.

CCJ enforcement methods

If you have a CCJ and don't pay, the creditor can apply to the court to enforce it. Enforcement methods include:

  • Attachment of earnings — deductions taken directly from your wages
  • Charging order — a charge placed on your property (usually enforced if you sell)
  • Third party debt order — money taken from your bank account
  • Bailiff enforcement (High Court Enforcement Officers or county court bailiffs)
If you can't pay the full amount, contact the court and creditor to arrange affordable instalments. Courts can also vary the terms of a CCJ if your circumstances have changed — use form N245 to apply.

Get advice about your specific situation

Ash is a free UK guidance assistant. Ask about your rights, get step-by-step guidance, and generate a formal letter if you need one.

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No sign-up · No account · Works for England, Scotland, Wales & Northern Ireland

Related guides

Bailiffs
What happens when bailiffs are sent to enforce a CCJ.
Breathing Space
Get 60 days protection from CCJ enforcement while you seek advice.
Dealing with Debt
How to prioritise and manage debts before they reach court.
Bankruptcy
When debts including CCJs become unmanageable.